19.10.08

Autobiography is Hard

It's really hard for me to write autobiography. I find my english is really not good enough for my daily use. But it's a dream that i could speak/write english fluently.Regret always comes after I use English. Anyway, Keep Studying and Keep Going. Cheer up!

2.7.08

Google 完全手冊


http://www.google.com.tw/intl/zh-TW/about.html

20080702 你google了嗎?

主講人 先生

 

Web1.0à Reading and download

Web2.0à Upload and sharing

 

RSS2.0 OR ATOM0.2 Software

Sharpreader à reading in your computer http://www.sharpreader.net/

Google reader à reading on internet

Google Gear à download the material in your computer and off-line reading

 

Youtube

Max. file size = 100Mb

Max. Time = 10 mins.

 

Gmail

Add ghost mail address à 12345+ad@gmail.com à these mail will mail to 12345@gmail.com  (after "+", you can add anything)

 

Google Search

Example

Site:tw keyword à search web site in Taiwan

Filetype:doc keyword à search *.doc file

Link:www.google.com.tw àsearch web site that has link to www.google.com.tw

 

Google desktop à a powerful tool for your personal computer.

 

18.6.08

Commentary on Stress Intensification Factors (SIF)

A B31 (B31.1, B31.3, B31.4, B31.5, B31.8, B31.9, B31.11) stress intensification factor (SIF) is an empirically derived parameter that allows the designer to estimate the fatigue performance of a piping component or joint. The concept of the parameter was developed in the late 1940s and early 1950s and was incorporated into B31.1 - 1955, which had separate chapters for different piping applications which eventually were published as B31.1, B31.3, B31.4, etc. The original background discussion of SIFs was published in ASME Paper 53-A-51, "Piping-Flexibility Analysis" by A.R.C. Markl. (This paper is highly recommended reading for any serious student of piping design.) In the 1955 B31.1 document, SIFs were tabularized in Chapter 6, but subsequent separate publication of the B31 books (B31.1, B31.3, B31.4, etc.) have in many cases resulted in different SIFs for the same piping components and joints. However, there is absolutely no justification for having different SIFs for different applications. The differences are from a lack of communication between the ASME committees responsible for the development of the B31 books.

The SIF (i) parameter was and still is determined through testing by applying a reversing displacement to, i.e., developing an alternating stress in, an assembly of piping elements containing the piping component or joint under consideration. The reversing displacement is applied to the assembly until a fatigue failure occurs – fatigue failure being defined as crack initiation and propagation through the wall such that a leak occurs in the pressure boundary in or near the piping component or joint under consideration. The process is repeated by applying various reversing displacements to similar assemblies, developing an alternating stress/number of cycles to failure curve for the piping component or joint. The resulting curve is compared to a reference curve to determine the SIF. The reference curve is the failure curve for an as-welded circumferential butt weld, where the SIF for the butt weld is assigned a value of unity (i = 1.0).

But, the actual stress in an as-welded circumferential butt weld in nominal pipe intuitively and logically must be greater than the actual stress in the same size nominal pipe without a weld. However, the B31 "intensified" bending stress at a butt weld is equal to the SIF (i = 1.0) times the nominal stress (M/Z) at the butt weld. Thus, at a butt weld the B31 "intensified" stress is equal to the calculated nominal stress. This has caused and continues to cause considerable confusion in pressure component design, especially amongst serious analytic types who often claim that B31 "intensified" stresses are wrong, i.e., too low, when compared to actual or theoretical stresses. B31 acknowledges that B31 "intensified" stresses (iM/Z) are less than actual or theoretical stresses. However, in this case, what is not understood is that the B31 allowable fatigue (flexibility) stresses are correspondingly low when compared to the allowable fatigue stresses for components when actual or theoretical stresses are evaluated – the factor of safety in a B31 fatigue analysis is comparable to the factor of safety in an actual or theoretical analysis.

When actual or theoretical fatigue stresses are evaluated in nuclear Class 1 piping services, stress indices (not SIFs) are used. Stress indices are theoretically developed parameters that are (like SIFs) a measure of the fatigue performance of a nuclear Class 1 piping component or joint. In this case, however, fatigue failure is defined merely as crack initiation in the piping component or joint (as opposed to through-wall crack propagation). As noted above, the allowable fatigue stresses for nuclear Class 1 services are correspondingly higher than B31 allowable fatigue (flexibility) stresses.

What the B31 designer must remember is that he/she is calculating an "intensified" (or "effective") stress, not an actual or theoretical stress.

But why, in a time approaching an analytic utopia, is the B31 designer still using these "ancient" SIFs? The answer is simple. B31 SIFs are simple to determine and apply (simplified methods are necessary to gain the widest possible application and there's a lot of pipe to design). B31 SIFs are consistent with the technology of the piping industry (we are typically not building watches). Determining actual or theoretical stresses is usually more expensive and complicated (compare a nuclear Class 1 piping analysis with a B31.1 analysis or, if you're not conversant with things nuclear, compare a Section VIII, Division 2 analysis to Section VIII, Division 1 analysis, it's the same difference). And perhaps the best reason for using B31 SIFs is that the piping industry has almost 50 years of validating experience with them (most of the SIFs proposed by Markl are still accurate within the context of good engineering practice and good engineering is more than a worthwhile commodity).

 

Author: Mr. Ron Haupt, P. E., of Pressure Piping Engineering (www.ppea.net) is a member of several piping code committees (B31, B31.1, B31.3, BPTCS, and others). He consults with us in the capacity of Nuclear QA Manager.

學習以老師或學生為中心的差異

 

老師為中心

學生為中心

 

 

 

責任

老師與學生皆須學生之學習責任

學生自己得主動學習

 

 

 

學習方式

受老師準備的內容及教授技巧影響

學生自己得建構自己的學習方式

 

 

 

內容

學習內容由老師主導,但不一定符合學生需求。

學生得自己尋找學習的材料,需要求救時才找老師。

 

 

 

優點

運用於制式化的考試, 效果佳、時間短

面對沒有標準答案的現實世界,此法比較容易適應

 

 

 

缺點

受老師影響大

可能會比較花時間

 

 

 

效果

短暫,可能考過就忘。

較長久。

 

 

 

結果

遇到真實問題時,可能還是不會解決。

遇到真實問題,可能不會解決,但有較多資源尋求解答。

 

Why Blog in Learning English

1.Link:There are so many resources in Internet.

2.Function

3.Trends

4.Constructivism:Construct your learning Model

5.Comunication

 

Until Now, "Blog" is a very good plateform in learning English.

27.5.08

Student-Run Bookstore 20080527

task school from middle school from San Francisco

has been very low for the past seven years

to improve students english skill and general literacy

two teachers help to set up a bookstore inside the school

the store provides every variety and interesting books and offerable prices

and opportunity for students to run it themselves.

Seven grade  "Rigina" is one of dozen students that help to run bookstore.

they rotate the assignment, greader, ????, cashiers.

they make sure other student get the book they like to read.

"if people wanna hold books, you write it down, and then you hold the book

for either after school or next week."

Price is offortable, ranging from 2 to 3 dollars a book.

Since it opened last two months ago,bobguba says the bookstore school has become favor place for student to hang out.

"My friends and my classmates, they really like the bookstore, because they could read book in the bookstore,

 They also could do something during lunch when they donated to do"

???? says most students like the bookstore more than the school library.

"As much as book i see that, The book is new, if you want to buy them. ?????

you can and check operation in a period of time.

Also the library is maybe big, it's quiet place, it thinks like more social area bookstore than the library ????

order last week and high light the book that we can find it.

?????????

?????????

if the book sale well, we are talking about reducing the price and then can having the sales"

language teachers, ???? and ????, work together to create the bookstore.

they receive the gram from school wide and organization to help school set up bookstore.

Having such resource of school wide succeess is a valuable tool for improving her student literacy

"we need to get in the hand of our kids, our population is very low, so as the economics,

and a lot of litina family,so they don't have strong literature or literacy background from the family"

-------------------WORD-------------------

-------------------WORD-------------------

offerable

tina family

-------------------WORD-------------------

San Francisco

a city and port in California, US.

It is a very beautiful city,

built on hills next to a bay (=an area of sea that curves inwards towards the land)   

on the Pacific Ocean. Its famous areas include Chinatown,

where many people live whose families originally came from China,

the Golden Gate Bridge, and the prison island of Alcatraz.

The city is close to the San Andreas fault, and was almost destroyed by the great earthquake

and fire of 1906.

 

hangout [countable

a place someone likes to go to often:

eg. The bar is a favourite hangout for students.

 

literacy [uncountable]

the state of being able to read and write [ illiteracy; ? numeracy]:

eg. a new adult literacy campaign

 

 

 

26.5.08

Student-Run Bookstore 20080526

San Francisco
has been very low for the past seven years
to improve students english skill and general literacy
two teachers help to set up a bookstore inside the school
the school provide every variety and interesting books and offerable prices
and and opportunity for students to run it by themselves.
Seven degree "Rigina" is one of dozen students that help to run bookstore.
they rotate the assignment, reader, ????, cashiers.
they make sure the student get the book they like to read.
"if people wanna hold books, you write it down, and then you hold this book
either for after school or next week."
Price is offortable, ranging from 2 to 3 dollars a book.
Since it opened two months ago,bob?? says the bookstore school has become favorite place for student to hang out.
"My friends and my classmates, they really like the bookstore, because they could read book in the bookstore,
They also could do something during lunch ???????"
rare ?????
Most students like the bookstore more than the school library.
"The book is new, if you want to buy it. ?????
you can check operation in a period of time.
Also the library is big, it's quiet place, it thinks like a social area ??????
and high light the book that we can find it.
if the book sale well, we will talk about reducing the price and then having sales"

???? treasure ?????
work together to create the bookstore.
they receive the gram from school wide and organization to help set up bookstore.
Having such resource the succeed bookstore is a valuable tool to improve student's literacy
"we need to get the books in the hand ??from the kid, our population is very low,
and so as the economics, a lot of litina family???
so they don't have strong literature or literacy background from the family"
-------------------WORD-------------------
-------------------WORD-------------------
offerable
tina family
-------------------WORD-------------------
San Francisco
a city and port in California, US.
It is a very beautiful city,
built on hills next to a bay (=an area of sea that curves inwards towards the land)
on the Pacific Ocean. Its famous areas include Chinatown,
where many people live whose families originally came from China,
the Golden Gate Bridge, and the prison island of Alcatraz.
The city is close to the San Andreas fault, and was almost destroyed by the great earthquake
and fire of 1906.

hangout [countable
a place someone likes to go to often:
eg. The bar is a favourite hangout for students.

literacy [uncountable]
the state of being able to read and write [≠ illiteracy; ? numeracy]:
eg. a new adult literacy campaign

25.5.08

Student-Run Bookstore 20080525

safrancisco
has very low in seven year
to improve students english skill and general literacy
two teachers help to set up bookstore inside the school
the school provide every vriaty interesting books and
oppotunity to run it by students themselves.
??? Riginal is one of dozen students that run this store.
????
they make sure the student get the book they like to read
"if people wanna hold books, you write it down, and you hold this book
either after school or next week."
Price is offortable,
Bu??? says the bookstore school is favorite place for student to hang out.
"My friend and my classmate really like the bookstore, because they could read in the bookstore,
They even do something over the lunch"
Most students like the bookstore more than the school libary.
"The book is new, if you want to buy it. social area....
we are talking about reducing the price"
work together to creat the bookstore.
is a valuable tool to improve student's literacy
"they don't have literature or literacy background from the family"
-------------------WORD-------------------
-------------------WORD-------------------
-------------------WORD-------------------

San Francisco
a city and port in California, US.
It is a very beautiful city,
built on hills next to a bay (=an area of sea that curves inwards towards the land)
on the Pacific Ocean. Its famous areas include Chinatown,
where many people live whose families originally came from China,
the Golden Gate Bridge, and the prison island of Alcatraz.
The city is close to the San Andreas fault, and was almost destroyed by the great earthquake
and fire of 1906.

hangout [countable
a place someone likes to go to often:
eg. The bar is a favourite hangout for students.

literacy [uncountable]
the state of being able to read and write [≠ illiteracy; ? numeracy]:
eg. a new adult literacy campaign

Student-Run Bookstore Boosts Literacy

23.5.08

20080523 2 MBA01a

i just say a few word of the ?????

and the high light of me will be getting your question in a few minutes.

i wanna talk about what is on your mind

i urg you to thought ??? and it's more fun for you if you put a little speech ????

you can ask me by anything except last ?????

couch meeting

our goal

i would like to talk about

1 minute about your future

you all got the enery

mission

most of you will suceed and leading your experty

enternat suceed

free

hire

integrity, intellegent, energy

kill all

we really talk about the question

think about this question

to buy 10% of your classmate

rich

i give you an hour to think about it

i give you an IQ test.

quality effect

i will say

i will to be the person that is generous and honest

you will right down the admire quality in the class

you think about the person that is really

all this quality

look that.....

that's why i don't involve technology

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

sean say:

i will stop MBA listening learning here. This material is not suitable for me to do learning tracing.

i know the main idea about what he talks about, but i can't write them down, there are too much words.

i will find another mp3 file, that is shortter and the voice is more clear.

20080522-1 MBA01a

a few word of
a high light
in your mind
more fun for you
last week
better
i would like to talk about
about your future
mission
most of you will succeed in your experty
free
hire
integrity, intelligent, energy
think about this question
to buy 10% of your classmate
give you an hour to think about it
quality effect
generous and honest
admire in the class
you think about the person that is really
that's why i don't invest technology

Buffet MBA 01a

15.5.08

COURSE TIP 20080515

Course Tip

1.      You Forgot, Because use memory skill.

So, please do not use memory skill for learning English.

2. Our brain Like Short Stimulus.

Short stimulus help us learning. Using 5 mins benefit help you saving time and learning English more efficiently.

3. What you can do when you are listening English material ?

a Write down what you heard.

b Listen Only

c Listen and speak it out instantly.

Home Work

1.      Search topic that is about meeting, conference, convention.

2.      Presume you were a chairman of one specific conference, how will you introduce this meeting? Write it down and record your voice.

3.      Presume you were the speaker of this conference, what will you talk about? Write is down and record your voice.

4.      Show your English Learning Trajectory on your blog.

5.      Evaluation. Now, we are in the middle of this course. Please write down your evaluation about this course. About the learning English, what is different in this course ? Do you have any recommendation ? What is really good for you ?

Good Web Site

BMW blog

http://www.bmwblog.com/

Taiwan News Online

http://www.etaiwannews.com/etn/index_en.php

 

 

 

14.5.08

Sandwich Learning

Layer1
record your voice
Layer2
record the correct pronunciation
Layer3
record your voice again and repeat listen layer 1,2,3.


6.5.08

Audi aims to produce electric car within ten years

by Darren Murph, posted May 5th 2008 at 10:53AM
Although Audi isn't aiming to beat Chevrolet to the punch with an electric whip, it does plan on joining the party a bit further down the road -- according to company bigwig Rupert Stadler, that is. Based on an interview with Germany's Welt am Sonntag, Mr. Stadler noted that he expected diesel and battery technology to dominate within five to ten years, and he made mention that "by then, [Audi] would offer cars without exhaust emissions." Curiously enough, he also stated that "electric cars offer opportunities, which [the company has] already seized on," but alas, he didn't elaborate beyond that. Just to confirm, we've got you, me and a whisper-quiet ride in five- to ten-years? It's a date.[Via News]

3.5.08

Venturi's Eclectic solar / wind-powered car



by Darren Murph, posted Sep 30th 2006 at 6:15PM




Forget biodiesel and fuel cell-powered vehicles, how about a whip that doesn't require any fuel whatsoever? The Venturi Eclectic, touted as an "autonomous energy vehicle," gets its charge from wind gusts and 8.2 square feet of solar cells atop its roof. The four-person ride boasts a 22-horsepower purely electric engine, is powered by liquid-cooled NiMH batteries, and can reach a (yawn-inducing) top-end speed of nearly 32mph. While it's no Wrightspeed X1, the designers had "daily driver" in mind when the Ecletic was crafted, but considering it'll only roll 31 miles on a full charge, you best take the scenic (read: sunny) route to work if you're facing a long commute. The car does sport an option to recharge via AC power, should you face darker (and calmer) than expected conditions, but since it weighs just 772 pounds, a foursome shouldn't have too much trouble using the tried and true "push method" if worse comes to worst. Scheduled for production in June 2007, this oh-so-green automombile will run you �24,000 ($30,511) -- if you can manage to score one of the 200 that'll be built, that is.



[Via MobileMag]


Infinity Miles Per Gallon: Art Haines and the Solar Car


It's prety cool!!

2.5.08

全球風電增勢迅猛 風電成本大幅下降

全球風電增勢迅猛 風電成本大幅下降

資料來源:中國風能網    發佈日期:2008/4/25

全球風力發電能力在2007年又增長24%,達到5910萬千瓦,比10年前的不足500萬千瓦增長了12倍。風能是世界上增長最快的能源,過去10年間年平均增長率為29%。總體來說,世界績優風力發電場的發電成本自80年代以來下降了將近90%,現在已下降到4美分╱千瓦時,甚至更低。在有些市場,風力發電已經比傳統能源發電便宜。歐洲風能協會預測,到2020年風力發電成本將下降到3美分╱千瓦時。風力發電成本下降,主要原因是技術的進步,風電項目融資成本下降,以及渦輪機和零部件的製造和建設已形成經濟規模。

26.4.08

好用的留言版工具-shoutbox

What's a shoutbox?
Shoutbox a.k.a tagboard/chatbox, is an easy to use messaging system that allows you to interact with others instantly.

Get a shoutbox for your blog or website and get instant comments from your visitors today!

How it works?
A shoutbox can be placed on your blog or website. Your visitors can then easily post comments in it. They can also use the shoutbox to chat with you and other visitors at the same time.

Shoutbox is a great interactive add-on that makes your visitors coming back for more! Give our shoutbox a try and see how it performs!
http://www.shoutmix.com/main/

免費網路磁碟gmail (FireFox 將Gmail 變為FTP)

Want to see how Gspace works?
Gspace is the FON friendly site that provides FREE Online Storage to access your files everywhere.

Gspace turns the 2GB of your Gmail account into free online storage. With Gspace you can manage unlimited Gmail accounts to store all type of files within its simple, user friendly interface.

Listen your favourite stored music directly from your Gspace, view your collections of pictures and manage your Gdrive files as well.

Download Gspace now and transfer files between your computer and Gspace at anytime, from everywhere!

http://www.getgspace.com/index.html

免費網路磁碟skydrive

• 存取輕鬆
只要透過可連線的電腦或行動電話,便可以存取 5 GB 的儲存空間。您甚至可以利用選用的上載工具,直接從電腦拖放檔案到 SkyDrive。
• 存放私人的檔案
您不只一部電腦嗎?沒問題,當您將檔案存放在線上的 [個人] 資料夾後,便只有自己可以存取這些檔案。
• 與朋友分享
想要與同學、同事或親友分享好東西嗎?只要將內容儲存到「共用資料夾」,然後設定哪些人可觀看或新增檔案即可。
• 直接連到您的 SkyDrive 資料夾
每個 SkyDrive 資料夾都擁有自己的網址,您可以將電子郵件寄到其中、貼到文件中、新增為我的最愛、另存為捷徑等其他您想得到的功能。

http://skidrive.live.com

23.4.08

好用的FLV轉檔工具

http://www.atlas-zone.com/software/detail/Extra.FLV.htm

軟體特色:

 YouTube、Google Video、各部落格平台的 Vlog 之類視頻分
 享網站。他們的視頻全部是使用 Flash 播放,而通過探索實
 際地址,會發現下載回來的檔案都是 Flash 支持的 FLV 格式
 。這種格式的視頻,無論是播放、剪輯、合併,還是轉換是非
 常麻煩的。但是 Extra.FLV 讓你可以方便地解決這些問題。

 Extra.FLV 是支援清單模式的多媒體播放軟體,也是支援 FLV
 的直接剪輯與合併軟體,除此之外,MPG、VCD 與 DVD 也是
 本軟體可以處理的影片格式。Extra.FLV 的一系列功能,還包括
 批次截圖,以及修復毀損的 FLV 檔案,並且可以將 FLV 轉檔成
 為 MPG、WMV、AVI、MP3、WAV 格式等等,或是反向轉檔。

 無論是剪輯或合併功能,Extra.FLV 針對多媒體檔案皆是採取不
 經轉檔而直接處理的方式。以剪輯功能為例,它不但效率快速
 ,同時介面清楚,你可以一邊播放多媒體檔案,一邊利用「標
 記開始」與「標記結束」,來決定想要剪輯的區段,或多重區
 段。Extra.FLV 正是第一套多功能處理 FLV 的免費軟體。


 Extra.FLV 的主要功能與特色如下:

 .本軟體是免費軟體、綠色軟體與中文軟體,如果要移除本軟
  體,只要將軟體的安裝目錄與目錄下的檔案全部刪除即可。

 .提供製作與編輯播放清單的管理功能。在播放模式方面,提
  供循環播放、隨機播放與指定區段播放,你也可以自訂多媒
  體檔案的播放速度,與倒轉、快轉的方式。

 .利用方便的標記功能,本軟體可以直接「裁剪」與直接「分
  割」以下的格式:FLV、MPG (包括 MPEG1、MPEG2)、VCD
  (*.dat)、DVD (*.vob)。讓你在短時間之內,就可以成功剪輯
  出多媒體檔案的指定片段,或多重片段。

 .針對以上的格式,「合併功能」讓你可以直接合併清單裡的
  所有多媒體檔案。「切割功能」則是可以讓你指定 KB、秒
  數或百分比來切割出某個區段,或是切割成你指定的份數。

 .針對以上的格式,「另存畫面」讓你可以捕捉即時的影片畫
  面,「截圖功能」則是讓你設定間隔秒數,或指定張數,來
  擷取影片視訊。未來改版將加入「縮圖功能」,以製作影片
  的系列縮圖展示。「修復功能」則是可以讓你修復毀損的,
  或播放時間不正確,或無法快轉的多媒體檔案。

 .Extra.FLV 的轉檔功能包括「FLV 轉影片」、「影片轉 FLV
  」、「FLV 轉音樂」、「音樂轉 FLV」等等,讓你方便地設
  定視訊與音訊的參數(影片大小、楨速率、位元率、取樣率
  ……),以處理 FLV <--> MPG、WMV、AVI、MP3、WAV。

22.4.08

Warren Buffett MBA Talk - Part 1

Bill Gates Speech at Harvard (part 3)

Bill Gates Speech at Harvard (part 2)

Bill Gates Speech at Harvard (part 1)

Steve Jobs Stanford Commencement Speech 2005



轉載於 http://blog.udn.com/dhu5853/1555335

I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That's it. No big deal. Just three stories.

The first story is about connecting the dots.

I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out?

It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: "We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" They said: "Of course." My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.

And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn't see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.

It wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5¢ deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:

Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and I found it fascinating.

None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.

Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.

My second story is about love and loss.

I was lucky — I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. We had just released our finest creation — the Macintosh — a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.

I really didn't know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me — I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.

I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.

During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I returned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.

I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith. I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You've got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don't settle.

My third story is about death.

When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: "If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: "If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?" And whenever the answer has been "No" for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.

Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important tool I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything — all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.

About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn't even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor's code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you'd have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.

I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and I'm fine now.

This was the closest I've been to facing death, and I hope its the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:

No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life's change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.

Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.

When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960's, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.

Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: "Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish." It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.

Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.

Thank you all very much.

Words Study In Self-Introduction

"BLESS"
to ask God to protect someone or something:
Example: The couple later had their marriage blessed in their local parish church.

"HELP"
[intransitive and transitive] to make it possible or easier for someone to do something by doing part of their work or by giving them something they need:
Example: If there's anything I can do to help, just give me a call.

"Group"
grow up phrasal verb
to develop from being a child to being an adult:
Exmple: What do you want to be when you grow up? I grew up in Chicago.

"get along"
1if two or more people get along, they have a friendly relationship:
Example: We've always got along quite well.
get along with
Example: They seem to get along with each other.
2to deal with a job or situation or to make progress:
Example: How's Sam getting along at university?
get along without
Example: Don't worry, we'll get along without you.
3 spoken I must/I'd better be getting along
used to say that it is time for you to leave, for example because you have something else to do

"HOPE"
5I hope (that) spoken used when you want to be polite and to make sure that you are not interrupting or offending someone:
Example: I hope I'm not interrupting you.
Example: I hope you don't mind me asking, but why are you moving?

21.4.08

Blogger RSS 資訊提供進階設定(最新文章進階設定)

轉載於http://cate-taiwan.blogspot.com/2008/01/blogger-rss.html
RSS還可以用來設定最新文章和最新回應,可以使用官方提供的功能。進入版面配置→範本→網頁元素→資訊提供,填入你的網址。
最新文章
http://網誌網址/feeds/posts/default
ex: http://cate-taiwan.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default
ex: http://cate-taiwan.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/full
最新回應
http://網誌網址/feeds/comments/default
ex: http://cate-taiwan.blogspot.com/feeds/comments/default
ex: http://cate-taiwan.blogspot.com/feeds/comments/full
資訊提供進階設定可以在網址後所加的變數:
?orderby=published (依發佈日期)
?alt=rss (以rss2.0標準)
?max-results=3 (最多顯示幾篇文章)
記得後面的第二個要加入的變數,
將?改成&
ex:http://cate-taiwan.blogspot.com/feeds/comments/default?alt=rss&max-results=3
ex:http://cate-taiwan.blogspot.com/feeds/comments/full?alt=rss&max-results=3
* default是簡短,full是完整,可以自己調整,但記得後台設定要改(後台設定→網站提供→blog 文章資訊提供)

19.4.08

RSS是什麼?或者,如何用RSS為你抓新聞

轉載於http://b-oo-k.net/blog/blog.php/2006/11
oc按:有朋友問起能否轉載本文,當成他站上的RSS使用說明,OK,本文開放著作權,可以自由完整轉載(RSS網址可以換掉,當然),但請記得加上文章連結。 ※ ※ ※現在你一天逛多少網站和部落格?花在一站一站拜訪,等待網頁顯現(或者不顯現)上的時間,會不會讓你覺得很難熬?有沒有方法可以自動通知我們某個部落格到底有沒有更新,免得我們上站一看,還是上個月的舊文章呢?當然有,答案就是RSS(英文解釋)。RSS是一種新聞供應方法,任何人只要有「RSS閱讀器」(底下會有建議),就可以到處訂閱各種網站提供的RSS新聞來源(RSS Feed)。剛剛在Google檢索,連中央銀行也開始供應RSS新聞了。以本站為例,你只要把我的RSS網址(http://feeds.feedburner.com/oc)加進你的閱讀器訂閱欄,以後你一打開閱讀器,程式就會自動幫你確認,本站到底有沒有貼上新文章,如果有,它還會自動把更新的文章抓下來。你訂閱的網站越多,這個自動程序能節省你的時間就越大。想想看如果你喜歡的網站、部落格有一百個(就好),每天光是要確認一遍那些站有沒有更新,大概就要花掉你一個鐘頭吧。而閱讀器的自動程式可以在幾分鐘內做好同樣的事,而這幾分鐘你可以去喝水、上廁所、伸懶腰,再回來,熱騰騰的新聞就在你的電腦螢幕前了。如何開始呢?利用RSS抓新聞,基本步驟如下:一、找個「趁手」的RSS閱讀器(底下會建議);二、注意一下你喜歡的網站,有沒有RSS網址,通常有個標示為RSS或XML或RSSFeed的小按鈕;三、把那個RSS網址加進閱讀器訂閱欄。
OK,這樣就完工了。以下是老貓推薦的幾個RSS閱讀器(或替代方法):一、使用FireFox瀏覽器FireFox是近年非常熱門的自由軟體瀏覽器。FireFox內建就已經支援簡單的RSS標題閱讀,它會自動辨認任何網站有沒有提供RSS新聞,並在網址列上用底下這個圖示來提醒你:  你唯一要做的事情是,用滑鼠點一下那個圖示,然後選擇新增為即時書籤,按確定,就行了。中文版FireFox可以在這裡下載(安裝非常簡單)。(附帶說明,FireFox有個我非常喜歡的功能,就是不論網站原始設計的字體多小,FireFox可以用鍵盤功能直接放大,對我這個開始有老花現象的中年人非常好用。)二、使用個人電腦上的RSS閱讀器如果你的新聞訂閱量很大的話,FireFox可能不夠用,這時候就需要一套安裝在你的個人電腦上的閱讀器了。個人推薦GreatNews。安裝簡單,而且有關鍵字過濾和貼標籤分類功能。完全支援中文。三、把RSS轉成電子郵件,讓你用Email信箱收信前兩個方法需要你在個人電腦上安裝程式,這第三個方法則不用安裝任何程式,直接拿你的電郵信箱當成RSS閱讀器,但是你需要找一個網路服務供應商,幫你把RSS轉成信件寄給你。這種供應商例如Squeet,你只要註冊一個帳號,加入你要訂閱的新聞源,以後就等著收信就行了。網站有任何更新,你就會在信箱裡收到全文。四、使用網路端的RSS線上閱讀器網路端的RSS閱讀器功能跟本地端的很像,唯一的差別是,那是一個網路服務,你不需要下載安裝程式,只要去註冊,然後把新聞源加入訂閱欄位就行,跟前一種方法很像,不同的是,沒有信會寄給你,你得自己上站去閱讀(但也只要上一個站,就可以讀到所有你訂閱的新聞)。使用網路服務的好處是,你在任何地方,公司、家裡、出國,都可以讀到相同的新聞供應。你的RSS管理、閱讀,只需要在一個地方就可以完成。網路RSS閱讀服務,我現在用的是Google Reader,簡單乾淨,功能強大,而且看起來穩定性最好。如果不喜歡的話,可以考慮Blogline。以上四種方法你可以自由選擇,也可以任意搭配。現在大部分的RSS閱讀器都支援你的訂閱清單(OPML)的輸出與輸入,所以要轉換訂閱工具,也算是方便。附註:本站的各種RSS訂閱網址如下,如果訂閱有問題,可以試試不同的RSS版本:‧rss2.0(本地版)‧rss2.0(feedburner版)‧rss1.0rss0.90atom0.3

17.4.08

VOA PodCast

Beacau it only takes 4 minutes, and has different topic everyday.
I choose 4 Minute Features


Development Report (Monday), Agriculture Report (Tuesday), Health Report (Wednesday), Education Report (Thursday), Economics Report (Friday)

VOA Learning English Podcasts

個人化廣播新媒介—Podcast之初探

轉載於 http://www.nhu.edu.tw/~society/e-j/47/47-34.htm



第一章 緒論



第一節 研究動機與目的

  根據路透社報導指出[1][21],不到一年的時間,全世界已經累計600萬人正在聆聽一種剛崛起的傳播方式「Podcast」。這是一種類似於Blog的個人創作方式,不同在於它是以MP3格式,整合RSS的技術和網路下載的方式,可在iPod[23]或其它攜帶式MP3隨身聽上收聽,隨著攜帶式MP3隨身聽的快速普及,Podcast的影響力也持續增加中[2]。
  國外的廣播電台,如美國波士頓公眾電台(WGBH)[24]、加拿大廣播公司(CBC)[25]和英國廣播公司(BBC)[26],也預見Podcast的創新性和其受歡迎的程度,並已開始將部分的廣播節目,透過Podcast的方式來進行試播[9]。有鑑於此,Podcast未來將有可能成為一種主流的傳播媒介,這股勢力是不容忽視且值得持續觀察的。
  根據上述之研究動機,本研究將以初步探討之方式,透過收集、整理與歸納國內外相關之期刊文獻,來探討這新興傳播媒介正在如何影響現今傳播界。並期藉由本研究來增進國人對於Podcast的認識與了解,提供未來有意從事Podcast節目製作或研究之專家學者建議與協助。

第二節 研究限制
  截至目前為止,國內顯少有專家學者撰寫或報導Podcast的文獻或期刊,因此國人多數都不甚了解Podcast這項新興傳播媒介的內容與其運作方式。此外,中文Podcast的發展目前尚在萌芽期,國內也僅有極少數的網站在試播Podcast,因此在這方面的中文案例明顯比較缺乏。有鑑於此限制,本研究將只針對國外的案例來進行初步探討和研究。

第二章 文獻探討
第一節 何謂RSS

  RSS是促使Podcast成功發展的重要因素之一,使訂閱Podcast節目的聽眾可以直接透過RSS閱讀軟體(如iPodder[28])來直接訂閱並自動接收最新的Podcast節目。根據Ada(2004)[3]指出,RSS ( Really Simple Syndication)是一種描述網頁內容(如新聞網頁)的 xml 格式,目前已知的一種翻譯方式為:聯合供稿系統。可以把RSS想像成一種已整理過且條列式的新聞資訊,閱聽人依照個人興趣來訂閱 RSS格式的內容後,不必打開網頁瀏覽器(Browser),只要透過RSS閱讀軟體,便可看到即時更新的內容。網站可以利用RSS半主動地將該網站的某些訊息、狀態等進行整理後,透過標題列的顯示方式提供給讀者閱讀,免去讀者要在眾多文字、圖片的網頁中尋找標題位置,因此讀者可以在最短的時間內確認某項訊息是否是他所要關注的焦點。

第二節 何謂Podcast

  根據Lee Rainie & Mary Madden (2005)「Podcast」這個名詞是由廣播(Broadcasting)及iPod所衍生來的[21]。根據上述名詞,可以得知Podcast指的是「以iPod為代表的多媒體檔案播放器,來接受以類似廣播(Broadcasting)模式所發佈多媒體內容的行為[4]。」Podcast類似某些數位錄影機(DVRs)的概念(如TiVo [27]),可以讓使用者預先將廣播節目錄下來,以便稍後欣賞[10]。



  根據聯合新聞網(2005)報導指出[2],這是一種類似Blog(部落格)的個人創作,Podcast則是一種用聲音取代文字的Blog。提到Blog,在台灣譯為部落格,在中國大陸稱作「搏客」;而新興的Podcast目前在中國大陸亦有「播客」之稱,台灣目前對此則尚未有中文譯名。Podcast是藉由一個名為「iPodder」的免費下載軟體來運作,節目的內容與傳統的廣播節相似度很高,可以是電影評論,也可以是音樂播放頻道,或者是談話性節目等。

第三節 Podcast的起源

  曾擔任MTV電視台VJ的Adam Curry發表了一個叫做iPodder的軟體,這位年過40,轉型成功的網路行銷創辦人,原先只是想要在部落格中加入影片,卻在一場部落格的研討會中(BloggerCon 2001)巧遇RSS的原創者之一Dave Winer,Dave說服了Adam一件事:人們真正想要的是把網路上的資訊跟娛樂帶在身上,並且透過耳機聆聽。Adam在開放原始碼社群(Open Source Community)[31]的協助之下,於2004年8月份發表iPodder。iPodder是一套會自動從網路上取得音訊檔,並同步至iPod或其他攜帶式MP3隨身聽的軟體。Adam還製作了有史以來第一個Podcast的節目(Daily Source Code)[29],並且每天固定吸引十萬名的聽眾[5]。Adam每天都在”A8播音室”製作他自己的廣播節目,這間播音室就位在他那輛銀灰色Audi A8的前排座位上,Adam的筆記型電腦就放在他身旁的副駕駛座位上,車用點菸器為電腦供電的來源,麥克風則掛在駕駛座的上方。Adam則一邊開車一邊錄製他自己的廣播節目,麥克風除了錄進Adam自己的聲音之外,還有Audi A8衛星導航系統的倫敦郊區交通狀況。隨後這段錄音就會被他上傳至他的網站(dailysourcecode.com),然後接下來的兩天中,將會有高達十萬個下載人次,並在他們閒暇的時候,或許也是開車時,收聽這個Adam命名為「每日原始碼(Daily Source Code)」的開車自白節目[6]。



第四節 Podcast的用途
個人用途

  在Podcast的世界裡。不僅只是扮演聽眾的角色,也可以成為電台主持人,讓業餘DJ和沉溺於某嗜好的人擁有他們自己的廣播節目,而且可以在網路上免費提供給聽眾下載至如iPod之類的攜帶式MP3隨身聽中收聽[9],以此讓這些業餘電台主持人得以有媒介可以向全世界發聲,亦可以使某些特別嗜好(如極限運動或商品收藏)的族群尋求依歸與認同。



教育用途

  除了做為個人廣播的用途之外,Podcast也可以運用在教育用途上,將講師上課的內容錄製成音訊檔,提供學員課後複習的管道。另外亦可將社團領導人的訪談錄音內容,以Podcast的方式來傳播出去。Podcast亦可以作為學校網路廣播的媒介[11]。Duke University以相同的概念,在2004年便開始將學校的相關規定和資料錄製成為數位格式的聲音檔,透過iPod來傳遞給所有剛進入校園的大學新鮮人,而在課堂時iPod主要則是在語言課上作為檢查作業之用[17]。



第五節 Podcast的運作方式

  在技術上來說,只要擁有一台可以上網的電腦和一支麥克風,您就可以掌握發言權,並且可以自己特有的風格向全世界播音。

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第七節 Podcast的版權議題

  目前Podcast的播送內容仍有音樂版權的議題,BBC(英國國家廣播電台)所提供Podcast的內容服務,也因此必須先將音樂刪除之後,才能將節目內容放上網路。但專家指出,版權的議題還需要很長的時間才能夠釐清。截至目前,僅有美國作曲家、作家與出版商協會(American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers; ASCAP) 提供播客(Podcaster)以支付授權金的方式來取得音樂的合法使用權,一年授權金相當於台幣一萬兩千元[12]。由於大部分的播客(Podcaster)所提供的節目也都是基於興趣而製作,而並沒有商業行為,因此專家也對於最後有能力支付的人數採取保留的態度。更令人值得關注的是,在觀察Napster訴訟案件之後,美國唱片協會(RIAA)會不會也因音樂版權問題,亦將Podcast列入訴訟名單中[10],是未來值得觀察的部分。

---刪除的內容請連線至原網址 http://www.nhu.edu.tw/~society/e-j/47/47-34.htm

第九節 中文Podcast普及的情況

  不同於國外,目前國內Podcast並未在網路使用者間掀起愛用的熱潮。此一傳播模式在我國尚未成為主流,主因為目前Podcast節目內容還是以英語為主,其次,國內民眾尚未熟知這新興的傳播模式。相較於中國大陸在Podcast的發展現況,中國大陸地區的民眾接受程度似乎比台灣地區的民眾高,在中國大陸地區,已經有部分網站開始製作Podcast的節目,並放在網站上提供使用者下載收聽。



  截至目前為止,Podcast接收軟體(如iPodder),目前仍尚未支援中文,因此中文Podcast節目大多並沒有透過RSS的方式來發佈,因此無法透過iPodder這類的軟體來訂閱中文Podcast節目,而使用者則必須要到發佈Podcast的網站下載最新的Podcast。



  除了上述Podcast接收軟體還尚未支援中文的因素之外,中文Podcast不普及的可能原因還有以下兩點:東西方教育造成表達習慣上的差異。台灣及中國地區的學生,可能到完成大學學業之後,都還尚未有機會在眾人面前演講。而在西方教育中,口頭表達能力是非常重視與強調的一部分。其次,Podcast的興起也是得益於iPod的流行;在美國地區,iPod以及其相關的產品和服務,已經儼然變成一種文化。有鑑於Podcast亦為這種文化的延伸服務,因此便能短時間廣泛地傳播。在台灣和中國地區,iPod還只是一項被貼上奢侈品標籤的攜帶式MP3隨身聽,並未成為文化。此外,MP3雖然普及,但國內音樂版權的保護議題一直未獲得合適的解決方式,亦可能造成Podcast發布者的顧慮[8]。

---刪除的內容請連線至原網址 http://www.nhu.edu.tw/~society/e-j/47/47-34.htm

結論

  隨著資訊科技的進步和閱聽人習慣的改變,傳統報業隨著網路平面媒體的發展而有衰退的趨勢。廣播電台的未來,是否也隨著Podcast的發展而和現今的傳統報業一般呢? 這是往後值得繼續觀察的方向。
  綜觀過去,廣播電台播送廣播節目的門檻很高,並非一般民眾能力所及,除了要購買昂貴的廣播設備之外,還必須取得廣播頻道的播送許可。隨著網路串流技術(Streaming)的成熟和寬頻網路的普及,使得網路廣播成為新興的媒體,但這還尚未滿足一般的閱聽大眾。閱聽大眾還希望能夠將網路上的資訊和娛樂帶在身上,而不再侷限在於電腦前。有鑑於此,Podcast則在Adam Curry和Dave Winer的努力下達成,提供一個新興的傳播媒介,並獲得廣大業餘廣播主持人和聽眾的迴響,就連軟體巨人—美國微軟公司(Microsoft)也已經投入Podcast節目的服務行列中,每天最少會發表兩則新的Podcast,其內容是內部公報(insider communiques),鎖定軟體設計師為其主要的閱聽眾[19]。
  Podcast最大的特色在於它Time-Shift的能力[18],使用者可以下載並攜帶他們喜歡的節目,然後在通勤時、開車時、運動時、做家事時聆聽。這個訴求很類似「廣播版的TiVo」,即使用者不需要跟著節目的播放時間來收看或收聽節目,而可以事先將節目預錄下來,等有空暇時間再欣賞。
  目前Podcast還在成長階段,也還在吸收更多的節目和聽眾,儘管國外很多大型媒體都看好Podcast的未來發展,並有部分廣播媒體投入Podcast的行列,惟目前中文Podcast的節目仍不多。此外,國人是否也能夠接受這種新興傳播模式,這也值得進一步探討和研究。